Good old Roman Numerals. You do not see these as much anymore. They used to be on clocks, but today you only see them on Superbowl or other sporting events. Outside that the numbers are called Roman, what is the history of these numbers? Well thefactsite.com written by Jack De Graaf explores this subject:
"Roman numerals originate from Ancient Rome. Thanks for reading!
Nah, I’m just kidding with you – that’s not the article… and nor are Roman numerals necessarily a Roman invention.
Used as a means of writing numbers out during the days of Ancient Rome, they are still commonly used today.
You’ll often see Roman numerals adorning bricks above the doorways of really old buildings, displaying what year the building was constructed.
Although the place where they can most commonly be found is on clock-faces – even with London’s famous Big Ben’s clock-face using Roman numerals for the numbers 1 – 12, despite being designed in 1852.
So, going back to what I said at the beginning of this post, if Roman numerals aren’t originally from Ancient Rome, then where are they from?
Etruscan civilization and Etruscan numerals.
Before Rome was founded somewhere between 850 and 750 BC, the region was inhabited by a wide range of different civilizations.
Of these different natives to the area, the Etruscans were the most advanced – with between 850 and 750 BC Roman historians admitting that much of their civilization was based on that of the Etruscans.
Rome was located on the southern edge of the Etruscan territory which covered most of north-central Italy.
The Etruscans were a civilization that used number symbols as far back as 900 BC, with their numerals being “I”, “𐌡”, “𐌢”, and “𐌣” for “1”, “5”, “10”, and “50” respectively.
The Etruscans did use symbols for bigger numbers, but it’s not really known which symbol means which number.
Much like the Romans after them, the Etruscans would mash their symbols together to create the appropriate number – only they would write theirs from right to left, rather than right to left.
So an Etruscan equation for 16 would read as “10 + 5 + 1” and be shown as “I + 𐌡 +X”, whereas a Roman equation for 16 would read as “1 + 5 + 10” and be displayed as “I + V + X”.
Early Roman numerals.
The early Roman numerals for 1, 10 and 100 were the same as the Etruscan ones, but they changed to symbols for 5 and 50.
The symbol for “100” also went through some variations, going from “I” or “ƆIC”, to either “Ɔ” or “C” – with “C” eventually winning and becoming the cemented numeral for “100.”
Although it’s not known why “C” became the symbol for “100”, some believe it is because C was a common Latin letter and also the first letter of the Latin word “centrum” meaning “hundred.”
As the Roman Empire, Republic, then Empire rose and grew, the symbols in use went through a few iterations before being matched with Latin letters to make them easier to understand and use.
By the time of Augustus Caesar (27 BC – 19 AD), the Roman numerals had evolved into the version we all recognize and still use today.
After the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, Roman numerals were still used worldwide, with only minute changes to them, such as using lowercase letters rather than capital letters.
Roman numerals on clocks and watches.
"
Well there you go the so called Roman numbers begin not as Roman and why the Roman number for 4 "IV" is not seen on many watches. Thou I did have one that had this. :) Hope you enjoyed this interesting read todayu.
Reference: https://www.thefactsite.com/history-of-roman-numerals/
I have lost a lot of faith with the Medical Community and the Governments over the last several years, but there are a few good things that can raise above the corruption and the pushing of drugs a new approach to heal people. The following is from www.gaia.com and written by Hunter Parsons that does not involve any drug or pushing an ineffective so called vaccine that the drug company is not held accountable in any way but they use sound! The use of sound can regrow bone tissue! Here is the story:
"The future of regenerative medicine could be found within sound healing by regrowing bone cells with sound waves.
The use of sound as a healing modality has an ancient tradition all over the world. The ancient Greeks used sound to cure mental disorders; Australian Aborigines reportedly use the didgeridoo to heal; and Tibetan or Himalayan singing bowls were, and still are, used for spiritual healing ceremonies.
Recently, a study showed an hour-long sound bowl meditation reduced anger, fatigue, anxiety, and ...
Not a fan of a Defense Agency studying Anti-Gravity and other Exotic Tech, but if the commercial world and make this technology cheap that will change our world yet again. The following is about three minute read and from www.gaia.com. The below was written by Hunter Parsons:
"Wormholes, invisibility cloaks, and anti-gravity — it’s not science fiction, it’s just some of the exotic things the U.S. government has been researching.
A massive document dump by the Defense Intelligence Agency shows some of the wild research projects the United States government was, at least, funding through the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program known as AATIP.
And another lesser-known entity called the Advanced Aerospace Weapons System Application Program or AAWSAP
The Defense Intelligence Agency has recently released a large number of documents to different news outlets and individuals who have filed Freedom of Information Act requests.
Of particular interest are some 1,600 pages released to Vice News, which ...
As our technology gets better we are discovering more about the history of mankind and pushing the timeline back further and further. The following article is from www.gaia.com and written by Michael Chary that discusses this new find that changes the historical timeline:
"Over the past decade, there have been a number of archeological revelations pushing back the timeline of human evolution and our ancient ancestors’ various diasporas. Initially, these discoveries elicit some resistance as archeologists bemoan the daunting prospect of rewriting the history books, though once enough evidence is presented to established institutions, a new chronology becomes accepted.
But this really only pertains to the era of human development that predates civilization — the epochs of our past in which we were merely hunter-gatherers and nomads roaming the savannahs. Try challenging the consensus timeline of human civilization and it’s likely you’ll be met with derision and rigidity.
Conversely, someone of an alternative...
Not sure if you have heard of a show on YouTube called "The Why Files". If not you should check it out it is interesting and has some humor with it on different subjects. Last weeks was on a different theory how the Universe works and how main stream Science is attempting to shut it down like is always seems to do if it goes aguest some special interest. Today it is akin to what happened to those who questioned the Earth was the Center of the Universe that main stream so called Science all believed during the Renaissance period, They called any theory that the Earth was not the Center of the Universe misinformation. Does this sound familiar today? People laughed and mocked people like Leonardo da Vinci, Nicolaus Copernicus, Georg Purbach as crack-pots, conspiracy theorists, nut-jobs and they were suppressed and even imprisoned for their radical thoughts and observations. Again it sounds like today in so many ways. In any event this is a good one to ponder and see even if a bad idea ...
Seemingly chaotic systems like the weather and the financial markets are governed by the laws of chaos theory.
We all have heard about chaos theory, but if you have not or have forgotten what chaos theory is well here you go from interestingengineering.com:
"Chaos theory deals with dynamic systems, which are highly sensitive to initial conditions, making it almost impossible to track the resulting unpredictable behavior. Chaos theory seeks to find patterns in systems that appear random, such as weather, fluid turbulence, and the stock market.
Since the smallest of changes can lead to vastly different outcomes, the long-term behavior of chaotic systems is difficult to predict despite their inherently deterministic nature.
As Edward Lorenz, who first proposed what became commonly known as the Butterfly Effect, eloquently said, "Chaos: When the present determines the future, but the approximate present does not approximately determine the future.""
You may have heard the term about chaos theory as a butterfly flaps its wings in Brazil,...
I for one have lost trust in Medical Doctors due to COVID and reflection that they seem to push pills for everything and untested so called vaccines that is using a unproven technology because the Government and the Medical Boards of the State told them to. There are a very few exceptions. Thus they do not address the key problem just prescribe more and more pills to keep you alive an sick longer for them and Big Phama to profit from you. Will AI do any better? Well that depends on what was used for the training of AI. If it also pushes pills and vaccines without question then you have the same problems noted above. However, if the AI Training includes all possible forms of treatment and they zero in on the right issues for the true problem then there is possibilities they would be way better than most of the current Medical Doctors today.
The following is from an article from interestingengineering.com and written by Paul Ratner:
"A new study looks at how accurately AI can diagnose patients. We interview the researcher, who weighs in on AI's role ...
