Can life live on an Ice Moon or planet? Well the Hydrothermal vent in the Arctic proves it is possible on Moons and Planets with water under the ice. The following article is from interestingengineering.com and written by Ameya Paleja:
"In 2014, researchers at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) discovered a hydrothermal vent in the Arctic Ocean and called it the Aurora hydrothermal system. A follow-up expedition to the site, five years later, has revealed that the hydrothermal system could hold clues to finding life on other planets and their moons, a press release said.
Hydrothermal vents on ocean floors aren't a new thing. Oceanographers can list hundreds of such vents in each major ocean of the world. Therefore, when the WHOI researchers found the Aurora Hydrothermal vent, they returned, assuming it to be one more such vent with a massive ice cover.
However, a follow-up visit to the site revealed much more about the vent and how it could help scientists look for signs of life on Jupiter's moon Europa and the Saturnian moon Enceladus since they post boast subsurface oceans.
What do we know about the Aurora hydrothermal system?
Apart from being located in the Arctic region, the Aurora hydrothermal system is also unique because it is more than 328 feet (100 m) wide. This is unusually large since the vent is volcanically hosted, and comparable to tectonically hosted systems that assume such sizes.
Compared to other volcanic "black smoker" vents that are basalt hosted, the plumes from the Aurora vent have higher methane values and resemble high-temperature ultramafic-influence vents. Ultramafic rocks are primitive rocks present in the Earth's interior and whose composition resembles that of meteorites.
Ultramafic rocks are also found at slow-spreading ridges, such as the Gakkel Ridge rift valley that moves at about half an inch (one cm) every year and is home to the Aurora hydrothermal system.
How can the hydrothermal vent help us?
Oceanographers may have plotted hundreds of black smoker vents on the sea floor, but most of these interact with the basaltic or silica-rich rocks underneath. Ultramafic rocks and hot water circulation from them is an important concept in origin-of-life and astrobiology research.
Even after years of research, scientists just have composition details of less than 12 such hydrothermal vents and do not know if others have similar chemistries or ones that are significantly different from what we know. Although the Aurora system bears a resemblance with another underwater hot spring, scientists know of, they would like to study it more to know if it can expand their knowledge about such vents.
In addition to providing clues about signs of life, these vents are also sites of economic interest with high levels of copper and gold found in Aurora's deposits. Until recently, scientists were of the view that such sites would not be able to sustain the growth of mineral deposits for very long. However, it seems that these minerals might be more abundant at ridge crests than previously thought.
"We continue to be surprised by how diverse and wonderful the seafloor is. Every time we go out and explore, we get surprised because we do not just find more of the same," said Christopher German, senior scientist at WHOI in the press release. "Rather, we continue to find completely new things, different from everything we have seen before."
The research findings about the Aurora hydrothermal system were published recently in the journal, Nature Communications.
Abstract:
The Aurora hydrothermal system, Arctic Ocean, hosts active submarine venting within an extensive field of relict mineral deposits. Here we show the site is associated with a neovolcanic mound located within the Gakkel Ridge rift-valley floor, but deep-tow camera and sidescan surveys reveal the site to be ≥100 m across—unusually large for a volcanically hosted vent on a slow-spreading ridge and more comparable to tectonically hosted systems that require large time-integrated heat-fluxes to form. The hydrothermal plume emanating from Aurora exhibits much higher dissolved CH4/Mn values than typical basalt-hosted hydrothermal systems and, instead, closely resembles those of high-temperature ultramafic-influenced vents at slow-spreading ridges. We hypothesize that deep-penetrating fluid circulation may have sustained the prolonged venting evident at the Aurora hydrothermal field with a hydrothermal convection cell that can access ultramafic lithologies underlying anomalously thin ocean crust at this ultraslow spreading ridge setting. Our findings have implications for ultra-slow ridge cooling, global marine mineral distributions, and the diversity of geologic settings that can host abiotic organic synthesis - pertinent to the search for life beyond Earth."
Not only life but they found rare Earth materials at these deposits. This just adds to the theory that life can indeed be found on other worlds.
Reference: https://interestingengineering.com/science/hydrothermal-vent-site-arctic-extra-terrestrial-life
I have lost a lot of faith with the Medical Community and the Governments over the last several years, but there are a few good things that can raise above the corruption and the pushing of drugs a new approach to heal people. The following is from www.gaia.com and written by Hunter Parsons that does not involve any drug or pushing an ineffective so called vaccine that the drug company is not held accountable in any way but they use sound! The use of sound can regrow bone tissue! Here is the story:
"The future of regenerative medicine could be found within sound healing by regrowing bone cells with sound waves.
The use of sound as a healing modality has an ancient tradition all over the world. The ancient Greeks used sound to cure mental disorders; Australian Aborigines reportedly use the didgeridoo to heal; and Tibetan or Himalayan singing bowls were, and still are, used for spiritual healing ceremonies.
Recently, a study showed an hour-long sound bowl meditation reduced anger, fatigue, anxiety, and ...
Not a fan of a Defense Agency studying Anti-Gravity and other Exotic Tech, but if the commercial world and make this technology cheap that will change our world yet again. The following is about three minute read and from www.gaia.com. The below was written by Hunter Parsons:
"Wormholes, invisibility cloaks, and anti-gravity — it’s not science fiction, it’s just some of the exotic things the U.S. government has been researching.
A massive document dump by the Defense Intelligence Agency shows some of the wild research projects the United States government was, at least, funding through the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program known as AATIP.
And another lesser-known entity called the Advanced Aerospace Weapons System Application Program or AAWSAP
The Defense Intelligence Agency has recently released a large number of documents to different news outlets and individuals who have filed Freedom of Information Act requests.
Of particular interest are some 1,600 pages released to Vice News, which ...
As our technology gets better we are discovering more about the history of mankind and pushing the timeline back further and further. The following article is from www.gaia.com and written by Michael Chary that discusses this new find that changes the historical timeline:
"Over the past decade, there have been a number of archeological revelations pushing back the timeline of human evolution and our ancient ancestors’ various diasporas. Initially, these discoveries elicit some resistance as archeologists bemoan the daunting prospect of rewriting the history books, though once enough evidence is presented to established institutions, a new chronology becomes accepted.
But this really only pertains to the era of human development that predates civilization — the epochs of our past in which we were merely hunter-gatherers and nomads roaming the savannahs. Try challenging the consensus timeline of human civilization and it’s likely you’ll be met with derision and rigidity.
Conversely, someone of an alternative...
Not sure if you have heard of a show on YouTube called "The Why Files". If not you should check it out it is interesting and has some humor with it on different subjects. Last weeks was on a different theory how the Universe works and how main stream Science is attempting to shut it down like is always seems to do if it goes aguest some special interest. Today it is akin to what happened to those who questioned the Earth was the Center of the Universe that main stream so called Science all believed during the Renaissance period, They called any theory that the Earth was not the Center of the Universe misinformation. Does this sound familiar today? People laughed and mocked people like Leonardo da Vinci, Nicolaus Copernicus, Georg Purbach as crack-pots, conspiracy theorists, nut-jobs and they were suppressed and even imprisoned for their radical thoughts and observations. Again it sounds like today in so many ways. In any event this is a good one to ponder and see even if a bad idea ...
Seemingly chaotic systems like the weather and the financial markets are governed by the laws of chaos theory.
We all have heard about chaos theory, but if you have not or have forgotten what chaos theory is well here you go from interestingengineering.com:
"Chaos theory deals with dynamic systems, which are highly sensitive to initial conditions, making it almost impossible to track the resulting unpredictable behavior. Chaos theory seeks to find patterns in systems that appear random, such as weather, fluid turbulence, and the stock market.
Since the smallest of changes can lead to vastly different outcomes, the long-term behavior of chaotic systems is difficult to predict despite their inherently deterministic nature.
As Edward Lorenz, who first proposed what became commonly known as the Butterfly Effect, eloquently said, "Chaos: When the present determines the future, but the approximate present does not approximately determine the future.""
You may have heard the term about chaos theory as a butterfly flaps its wings in Brazil,...
I for one have lost trust in Medical Doctors due to COVID and reflection that they seem to push pills for everything and untested so called vaccines that is using a unproven technology because the Government and the Medical Boards of the State told them to. There are a very few exceptions. Thus they do not address the key problem just prescribe more and more pills to keep you alive an sick longer for them and Big Phama to profit from you. Will AI do any better? Well that depends on what was used for the training of AI. If it also pushes pills and vaccines without question then you have the same problems noted above. However, if the AI Training includes all possible forms of treatment and they zero in on the right issues for the true problem then there is possibilities they would be way better than most of the current Medical Doctors today.
The following is from an article from interestingengineering.com and written by Paul Ratner:
"A new study looks at how accurately AI can diagnose patients. We interview the researcher, who weighs in on AI's role ...
